never been encountered by the Cree, their bodies did not have the proper immune systems and many died as a result. The Cree Nations are: Day Star First Nation, George Gordon First Nation, Kawacatoose First Nation, and Muskowekwan First Nation. The Naskapi language and culture is quite different from the Montagnais, in which the dialect changes from y to n as in "Iiyuu" versus "Innu". Rocky Cree members include: Lac La Ronge First Nation, Montreal Lake First Nation, Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation, and Sturgeon Lake First Nation. [99], Touchwood Agency Tribal Council, based in Punnichy, Saskatchewan, is a Tribal Council of four First Nations, collectively known as the Touchwood Hills Cree. [34] Sheshatshiu is located adjacent to the Inuit community of North West River. The members are: Ermineskin Cree Nation (formerly: Ermineskin's Band of Cree)(also Nakoda), Louis Bull Tribe (formerly: Louis Bull's Band of Cree), Montana First Nation, and Samson Cree Nation (formerly: Samson's Band of Cree). They share the reservation with the Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians, who form the "Chippewa" half of the Chippewa Cree tribe. [6], The documented westward migration over time has been strongly associated with their roles as traders and hunters in the North American fur trade.[7]. CREE. Those Cree who moved onto the Great Plains and adopted bison hunting, called the Plains Cree, were allied with the Assiniboine, the Metis Nation, and the Saulteaux in what was known as the "Iron Confederacy", which was a major force in the North American fur trade from the 1730s to the 1870s. [17], Depending on the community, the Cree may call themselves by the following names: the nēhiyawak, nīhithaw, nēhilaw, and nēhinaw; or ininiw, ililiw, iynu (innu), or iyyu. There have been several attempts to create a national political organization that would represent all Cree peoples, at least as far back as a 1994 gathering at the Opaskwayak Cree First Nation reserve. FUN FACT: There are over 135 different Cree bands in Canada, with approximately 200,000 The Mississippian society individuals fabricated earthwork hills in their towns with grass houses. It is composed of three Atikamekw First Nations. "[21], One major division between the groups is that the Eastern group palatalizes the sound /k/ to either /ts/ (c) or to /tʃ/ (č) when it precedes front vowels. The geography of the lands the Cree  inhabited were  hills, cliffs, low mountains, forests, wide river valleys, sand dunes and prairie grass. [91] The Bigstone Cree Nation was divided into two bands in 2010, with one group continuing under the former name, and the other becoming the Peerless Trout First Nation. [30] Today, the Naskapi are settled into two communities: Innus of Ekuanitshit live on their reserve of Mingan, Quebec, at the mouth of the Mingan River of the Saint Lawrence River in the Côte-Nord (north shore) region. [92], Lesser Slave Lake Indian Regional Council is, as the name suggests, a Tribal Council of First Nations surrounding Lesser Slave Lake. [3] The major proportion of Cree in Canada live north and west of Lake Superior, in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and the Northwest Territories. [97], File Hills Qu'Appelle Tribal Council is a Tribal Council based in Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan. One author refers to such issues as “an etymological labyrinth which surrounds the Ojibwe.” The Ojibwe are part of a larger cultural group of Indigenous peoples known as the Anishinaabeg, which also includes Odawa and Algonquin peoples. The Oji-Cree people are part of the large Anishinaabe community. The Grand Council, founded by Cree leaders, is intended to be the official channel of Cree communications. In Canada, over 350,000 people are Cree or have Cree ancestry. In spring,summer and autumn, they would gather in large groups to hunt geese,ducks,and fish.The climate affected what they ate because in the winter on the woodlands the animals would hibernate and food was scarce. This office was different from that of the "peace chief", a leader who had a role more like that of diplomat. After acquiring horses and firearms, they were more militant than the Woodland Cree, raiding and warring against many other Plains tribes.… Oji-Cree people speak a dialect of the Ojibwe language which falls in the Algonquian language category. [113], Yellowhead Tribal Council is based in Morinville, Alberta. Moose Cree members are: Chapleau Cree First Nation, Kashechewan First Nation, Missanabie Cree First Nation, Moose Cree First Nation, and Taykwa Tagamou Nation. They rarely fought with other tribes, and only did a small amount of trading. A small group of Cree also live in the United States on a reservation in Montana. Cree member Nations are: Duncan's First Nation, Sturgeon Lake Cree Nation. The Cree live all over Canada,mostly concentrated in the plains area.There are many different groups of Cree, sometimes referring to where they live, such as the Woodland Cree or the Plains Cree. loosely translated as "war chief". The Chippewa Cree share the reservation with the Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians, who form the "Chippewa" (Ojibwa) half of the Chippewa Cree tribe. [37] The community is 182 km (113 mi) by road east of Sept-Îles, Quebec. But then later, they moved south and east too. National Museums of Canada. Members are: Ahtahkakoop First Nation, Moosomin First Nation, Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head-Lean Man, Red Pheasant First Nation, Saulteaux First Nation, and Sweetgrass First Nation. 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