In an asthma attack, the inflamed airways become irritated during inhalation. They range from acute infections, such as pneumonia and bronchitis, to chronic conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. During normal breathing, inhaled air travels through two main channels (primary bronchi) that branch within each lung into smaller, narrower passages (bronchioles) and finally into the tiny, terminal bronchial tubes. A complete lung collapse is called pneumothorax. Respiratory diseases, or lung diseases, are pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in air-breathing animals. Atelectasis – a collapsed lung. Severe shortness of breath — the main symptom of AR… Dept. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. During an asthma attack, smooth muscles that surround the airways spasm; this results in tightening of the airways, swelling and inflammation of the inner airway space (lumen) due to fluid buildup and infiltration by immune cells, and excessive secretion of mucus into the airways. Literally, “an imperfect expansion” in Greek. **Infectious comprise of upper and respiratory tract bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. There are two types of respiratory diseases and disorders: infectious and chronic. Start studying Respiratory system - diseases and disorders. Diseases and conditions of the respiratory system fall into two categories: viruses, such as influenza, bacterial pneumonia, enterovirus respiratory virus; and chronic diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They include conditions of the respiratory tract including the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleurae, pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of respiration. Occupational respiratory disorders are defined as any disorder … chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Click card to see definition includes respiratory disorders that produce a chronic partial obstruction of the air passages. Emphysema (COPD) – Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, of which emphysema is one of, results in progressive destruction of the air sacs in the lungs and loss of respiratory membrane for oxygen exchange. Since we've already laid the g… Ask persons with respiratory symptoms if they have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema. Loss of appetite and loss of weight, a disinclination for physical activity, general psychological depression, and some symptoms apparently unrelated to the lung, such as mild indigestion or headaches, may be diverse indicators of lung disease. Fungal Diseases of the Respiratory System. Leads to limited airflow into and out if the lungs, with increased difficult in breathing These diseases range from mild from severe, such as cold, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism and lung cancer, etc. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The thoracic cage, or rib cage, normally protects the lungs. Undoubtedly, smoking is the biggest culprit. Researchers monitor for next novel influenza strain. This is caused by narrowing of the airways, such as occurs in asthma. Your airways narrow and make too much mucus. Various conditions affect different parts of your respiratory system and hinder your ability to … A disorder is basically the malfunctioning of … Pain associated with inflammation of the pleura is characteristically felt when a deep breath is taken. Millions of people are suffering from different kind of lung diseases and the common causes behind them are genetic issues, infections, and smoking. Respiratory diseases range from mild and self-limiting, such as the common cold, influenza, and pharyngitis to life-threatening diseases such as bacterial pneumonia, pul Diseases of the respiratory system can be categorized into four main groups: infectious, inflammatory, environmental, and cancer. Sudden blockage of a blood vessel injures the lung tissue to which the vessel normally delivers blood. Coauthor of. The narrow, obstructed airways restrict normal airflow into and out from the lungs. Common diseases of the respiratory system include: Asthma. For language access assistance, contact the NCATS Public Information Officer. What is noted is a slowly progressive difficulty in completing some task, such as walking up a flight of stairs, playing golf, or walking uphill. Much rarer, unless you count choking and drowning, are conditions that affect the larger passageways of the lungs such as the trachea and the bronchi. 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